The way they work is that a liquid with a high latent heat of vaporization, such as water, ammonia, or alchol, is placed under a vacuum so that it boils at lower temperatures. The heat from the processor causes it to boil, carrying a lot of heat with it. When it reaches the cooler end of the tube, it condenses, and it is wicked back to the hot end. They can carry a tremendous amount of heat, but they can't go any colder than the boiling point of the liquid under the vacuum in the tube. (Note: Water boils at a much lower tempreature if the pressure is lower.