Do you mean something that can be checked in the store?
How about the ratio of the combined power to the total power? I noticed that for some some cheap 400W PSUs it's only 50%, making them weaker than the best 300W PSUs.
I think that for PSUs of a given power rating, the size of that transformer between the two heatsinks may be a good indicator of quality, and I recently noticed that the cheap, wierd brand 500W PSUs at Fry's had transformers as small as the one in my best 300W. But I don't know what frequencies they used, and higher lets a transformer be smaller. My 300W runs at 95 KHz while most PSUs use 60 KHz.