Since you're getting the same error every time, I'm reluctant to believe that any other component in your system is faulty; usually hard drive issues cause such consistent stop codes.
That said, I suspect the reason for the BSOD's is due to XP not recognizing the SATA controller on your motherboard. This usually happens when a hard drive is either moved from one motherboard to another with differing controllers, or the operation mode is changed on the motherboard after Windows is installed.
I'm a bit surprised that interrupting the first reboot and bringing the installation back up on the bare-metal hardware didn't rectify this issue; however, I'm also going to suspect that installing XP entirely on the bare-metal box will yield the same results if you use the same installation media. BTW, what service pack does your XP installation media have on it?
My last-ditch suggestion to get it up by installing it within Windows is to use the Sysprep utility. I will warn you, this may be tricky and may be more effort than it's worth:
1) Completely Install XP onto the physical drive entirely within VMWare
2) Boot up the VM with XP; if it's not up to date with the latest service pack, download and install SP3 (you could also run Windows update to get all the other updates.
3) Create a new folder on the C: drive of XP called 'Sysprep'
4) Insert the XP installation media CD/ISO into the VM and copy the contents of D:\SUPPORT\TOOLS\DEPLOY.CAB into the Sysprep folder (the .CAB file is like a folder and it has stuff in it)
5) Run Sysprep.exe from the Sysprep folder
6) Acknowledge the warnings and Click the 'Factor' button and shutdown (DO NOT let the machine reboot in the VM)
7) Boot to the XP hard drive on the bare-metal machine and go through the Windows setup, product key, activation etc. again
Sysprep is a utility used in enterprise environments that basically will "reset" a Windows install's identity and low-level configurations while preserving certain settings and installed programs. This enables system administrators to build and deploy 'images' of a Windows install that is already compliant, for the most part, with the organizations requirements.
We're using this to clear out the hardware configurations created when XP was installed on the virtual hardware in hopes that it will re-detect and properly install the hardware on your bare-metal system. I seriously do not know if this will work, but it's just about the last thing I can think of right now.