There is no such thing as a "maximum framerate" the eye can see, or even a "minimum framerate for motion". People need to give up the idea, because it is inherently flawed.
Neither the eye nor brain work with "frames". Photons striking the retina trigger an immediate (well, discounting the time for the pigments to become excited
) nerve impulse to the brain. Impulses from the entire retina are not stored up to be delivered as a single frame to the brain, but instead arrive at the brain whenever a photon strikes. The brain processes the impulses from the retina, doing a number of operations to turn the individual photon strikes into useful data.
"Motion" comes from the signal processing done by the brain and limits of the retina.
As an example of motion from signal processing, I could show you a video recorded at 5FPS that looked perfectly smooth. How? If I were to move what was on the screen slowly enough, eventually the motion estimation done by the brain would be able to let you see fluid motion. Similarly, if I could move the scene fast enough, the brain could see individual frames even at 120FPS.
As an example of where the retina can cause issues, the movie theater is excelent. When looking directly at the screen, motion in the movie appears to be rather smooth. If you look away and observe the screen from the corner of your eye however, you'll notice tons of flickering. The retina is far less sensitive to changes in light levels at the center of the retina, so the constantly varying light caused by the projector's shutter aren't noticed when looking directly forward, and motion is seen.
Part of the reason most people can stand to watch movies and television, but find games laggy at the same framerates is due to a lack or existance of a feedback loop. While watching television, the viewer is forced to see whatever the cameraman shot. The brain is passively consuming the video. It has no control over the virtual eye of the camera. When gaming, the user has a direct influence on what is displayed on screen, so the brain uses the mouse to control it's virtual eye. When moving the virtual eye (mouse) the brain expects an instantanous response as it gets when moving the real eye. If it comes across a delay of several milliseconds however, the user can "feel" the display lagging behind their actions. How sensitive to lag a person is and how involved in the feedback loop they are (first person shooters have you deep in a loop, while other types of games require less feedback) decides how the gameplay feels. A insensitive person can play shooters at 40FPS without trouble, while even the most sensitive of gamers would be hard-pressed to notice lag in a real-time strategy at the same framerate.
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