RESEARCH REPORTS
Report #1 (Webb et al. 1984)
Webb et al. (1984) reported the partial dissolution of gallium arsenide when tested in phosphate buffers of various ionic strengths (i.e., fluids that are chemically similar to body fluids). In the second phase of this study, a single dose of gallium arsenide partially dissociated when administered either intratracheally or orally to rats, releasing arsenic that was subsequently distributed, depending on the route of administration, to the lungs, blood, urine, and/or feces. Gallium was found only in the lungs and feces, suggesting that some of the dissociated gallium was retained in the lung and that a portion was cleared by the mucociliary clearance mechanism and may have been subsequently swallowed. Qualitative as well as quantitative alterations in urinary porphyrins were reported following the intratracheal administration of gallium arsenide to rats. Webb noted that similar alterations in urinary porphyrins were found by other investigators when inorganic arsenic was administered to rats (Martinez et al. 1983, Woods and Fowler 1978).
Report #2 (Webb et al. 1986)
Webb et al. (1986) administered a single intratracheal dose of gallium arsenide particulates to rats to confirm the dissolution of gallium arsenide and the systemic distribution of arsenic reported by Webb et al. in 1984. Gallium trioxide and arsenic trioxide were also administered intratracheally to rats for comparison with gallium arsenide, since the former compounds are believed to be formed following dissolution of gallium arsenide. Gallium trioxide was observed to have little biologic activity, whereas arsenic trioxide produced some of the same qualitative effects as those noted when gallium arsenide was tested. These results suggest that the most toxic component of gallium arsenide was the arsenic that dissociated from the gallium arsenide after the latter entered the rat's body.
Report #3 (Yamauchi et al. 1986)
Yamauchi et al. (1986) found gallium arsenide to be soluble in phosphate buffers of various ionic strengths as did Webb et al. (1984, 1986). Yamauchi et al. also demonstrated that following oral or intraperitoneal administration of gallium arsenide to hamsters, organic products of arsenic metabolism (dimethylarsinic acid and methylarsonic acid) were found along with inorganic arsenic in the urine and various tissues. These results again demonstrate the dissociation of gallium arsenide and the systemic distribution of inorganic arsenic.
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