I had another look at this today...
So, same Asus Z170I Pro Gaming mobo, currently bios 1809 which isn't newest, but the one newer only lists future CPU support (presumably Kaby Lake) so I haven't bothered.
It has been recently running Kingston khx2666c15d4/8g just fine. I put the Corsair cmk8gx4m2b3000c15 back in, and just like before, no boot at 3000. I tried both 100x30 (3000) and 133x22 (2933) and neither would boot. I did get 100x29 (2900) and 133x21 (2800) to boot ok. I noticed the mobo auto set vccio and vccsa were lower than that when the same ram was put in a MSI Z170A Gaming Pro mobo. I tried increasing both of those to match MSI at 3000, no boot. I read elsewhere someone with the same ram on different Asus mobos also couldn't boot at XMP. They found reducing the ram voltage to 1.29 to allow it to boot for them. I tried that and... no boot.
Just for laughs, I dug out my G.Skill f4-3333c16-4grrd from another system. This ram I've had a fight with in the past as it wasn't 100% stable at 3333 in either of my VIII Hero or MSI Z170A Gaming Pro mobos. So I put it in with SPD, and it booted. I turned on XMP, and to my surprise, it booted. So far it has been running Prime95 blend for over 15 minutes ok. Regardless, it does show the mobo itself isn't limiting at 3000, and could it be some other setting or limitation?
As an observation, I found it curious the MSI board doesn't seem to allow the 100 strap for ram. It only offers 133 so when I set the ram to 3000, it ran 102.5x1.33x22 in that case.
I'll let Prime95 soak a bit longer to see how stable it is, but I'll revert back to the dual rank Kingston anyway for long term use.
As another kick to the Corsair 3000, I just did an accidental overclock. After removing the G.Skill 3333 I put the Kingston 2666 back in. Didn't change settings, assuming it would detect and reset them on boot, and it reached the desktop. When I fired up CPU-Z I was surprised to see it still running the same settings as the G.Skill did! Is it stable? I did a quick Prime95 4M benchmark, and got 246.77 iter/s, compared to 204.40 with the G.Skill. Same settings, only difference is the Kingston is dual rank which I knew from past experience can help a lot. That's 20.7% worth of "a lot". No idea if it is stable... now thinking should I revert to 2666 to get a baseline benchmark, then check stability at 3333? For comparison, my main desktop got 246.17 which has Ripjaws 5 at 3200 slightly tighter timings than the Ripjaws 4 3333. Both systems have 6700k @4.2.
Edit: note the parts I gave previously are for the module. The kit part for the Kingston is hx426c15fbk2/16.